diff --git a/util/pack/pack.go b/util/pack/pack.go
index 287eb909..83cb4d13 100644
--- a/util/pack/pack.go
+++ b/util/pack/pack.go
@@ -15,102 +15,127 @@
 package pack
 
 import (
-	"bytes"
 	"reflect"
 	"time"
 
-	"encoding/gob"
-
 	"github.com/ugorji/go/codec"
 
 	"github.com/abcum/surreal/sql"
 )
 
+var jh codec.JsonHandle
+var ch codec.CborHandle
+var bh codec.BincHandle
+var mh codec.MsgpackHandle
+
 func init() {
-	gob.Register(time.Time{})
-	gob.Register([]interface{}{})
-	gob.Register(map[string]interface{}{})
+
+	// JSONHandle
+
+	jh.Canonical = true
+	jh.CheckCircularRef = false
+	jh.AsSymbols = codec.AsSymbolDefault
+	jh.SliceType = reflect.TypeOf([]interface{}(nil))
+	jh.MapType = reflect.TypeOf(map[string]interface{}(nil))
+
+	// CBORHandle
+
+	ch.Canonical = true
+	ch.CheckCircularRef = false
+	ch.AsSymbols = codec.AsSymbolDefault
+	ch.SliceType = reflect.TypeOf([]interface{}(nil))
+	ch.MapType = reflect.TypeOf(map[string]interface{}(nil))
+
+	// BINCHandle
+
+	bh.Canonical = true
+	bh.CheckCircularRef = false
+	bh.AsSymbols = codec.AsSymbolDefault
+	bh.SliceType = reflect.TypeOf([]interface{}(nil))
+	bh.MapType = reflect.TypeOf(map[string]interface{}(nil))
+
+	bh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{}), 1, extTime{})
+	bh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.All{}), 2, extSqlAll{})
+	bh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Asc{}), 3, extSqlAsc{})
+	bh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Desc{}), 4, extSqlDesc{})
+	bh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Null{}), 5, extSqlNull{})
+	bh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Void{}), 6, extSqlVoid{})
+	bh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Empty{}), 7, extSqlEmpty{})
+	bh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Ident{}), 8, extSqlIdent{})
+	bh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Table{}), 9, extSqlTable{})
+	bh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Thing{}), 10, extSqlThing{})
+	bh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Field{}), 11, extSqlField{})
+	bh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Group{}), 12, extSqlGroup{})
+
+	// PACKHandle
+
+	mh.WriteExt = true
+	mh.Canonical = true
+	mh.RawToString = true
+	mh.CheckCircularRef = false
+	mh.AsSymbols = codec.AsSymbolDefault
+	mh.SliceType = reflect.TypeOf([]interface{}(nil))
+	mh.MapType = reflect.TypeOf(map[string]interface{}(nil))
+
+	mh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{}), 1, extTime{})
+	mh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.All{}), 2, extSqlAll{})
+	mh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Asc{}), 3, extSqlAsc{})
+	mh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Desc{}), 4, extSqlDesc{})
+	mh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Null{}), 5, extSqlNull{})
+	mh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Void{}), 6, extSqlVoid{})
+	mh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Empty{}), 7, extSqlEmpty{})
+	mh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Ident{}), 8, extSqlIdent{})
+	mh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Table{}), 9, extSqlTable{})
+	mh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Thing{}), 10, extSqlThing{})
+	mh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Field{}), 11, extSqlField{})
+	mh.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Group{}), 12, extSqlGroup{})
+
 }
 
-func Copy(src interface{}) (dst map[string]interface{}) {
-	var buf bytes.Buffer
-	enc := gob.NewEncoder(&buf)
-	dec := gob.NewDecoder(&buf)
-	enc.Encode(src)
-	dec.Decode(&dst)
-	return
-}
-
-// ToJSON converts the data object to a JSON byte slice.
+// ToJSON encodes a data object to a JSON byte slice.
 func ToJSON(src interface{}) (dst []byte) {
-
-	var opt codec.JsonHandle
-	opt.Canonical = true
-	opt.CheckCircularRef = false
-	opt.AsSymbols = codec.AsSymbolDefault
-
-	codec.NewEncoderBytes(&dst, &opt).Encode(src)
-
+	codec.NewEncoderBytes(&dst, &jh).Encode(src)
 	return
-
 }
 
-// Encode encodes the data object to a byte slice.
+// FromJSON decodes a JSON byte slice into a data object.
+func FromJSON(src []byte, dst interface{}) {
+	codec.NewDecoderBytes(src, &jh).Decode(dst)
+	return
+}
+
+// ToCBOR encodes a data object to a CBOR byte slice.
+func ToCBOR(src interface{}) (dst []byte) {
+	codec.NewEncoderBytes(&dst, &ch).Encode(src)
+	return
+}
+
+// FromCBOR decodes a CBOR byte slice into a data object.
+func FromCBOR(src []byte, dst interface{}) {
+	codec.NewDecoderBytes(src, &ch).Decode(dst)
+	return
+}
+
+// ToBINC encodes a data object to a BINC byte slice.
+func ToBINC(src interface{}) (dst []byte) {
+	codec.NewEncoderBytes(&dst, &bh).Encode(src)
+	return
+}
+
+// FromBINC decodes a BINC byte slice into a data object.
+func FromBINC(src []byte, dst interface{}) {
+	codec.NewDecoderBytes(src, &bh).Decode(dst)
+	return
+}
+
+// ToPACK encodes a data object to a MsgPack byte slice.
 func ToPACK(src interface{}) (dst []byte) {
-
-	var opt codec.MsgpackHandle
-	opt.WriteExt = true
-	opt.Canonical = true
-	opt.RawToString = true
-	opt.CheckCircularRef = false
-	opt.AsSymbols = codec.AsSymbolDefault
-	opt.MapType = reflect.TypeOf(map[string]interface{}(nil))
-
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{}), 1, extTime{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.All{}), 101, extSqlAll{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Asc{}), 102, extSqlAsc{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Desc{}), 103, extSqlDesc{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Null{}), 104, extSqlNull{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Void{}), 105, extSqlVoid{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Empty{}), 106, extSqlEmpty{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Ident{}), 107, extSqlIdent{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Table{}), 108, extSqlTable{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Thing{}), 109, extSqlThing{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Field{}), 110, extSqlField{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Group{}), 111, extSqlGroup{})
-
-	codec.NewEncoderBytes(&dst, &opt).Encode(src)
-
+	codec.NewEncoderBytes(&dst, &mh).Encode(src)
 	return
-
 }
 
-// Decode decodes the byte slice into a data object.
+// FromPACK decodes a MsgPack byte slice into a data object.
 func FromPACK(src []byte, dst interface{}) {
-
-	var opt codec.MsgpackHandle
-	opt.WriteExt = true
-	opt.Canonical = true
-	opt.RawToString = true
-	opt.CheckCircularRef = false
-	opt.AsSymbols = codec.AsSymbolDefault
-	opt.MapType = reflect.TypeOf(map[string]interface{}(nil))
-
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{}), 1, extTime{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.All{}), 101, extSqlAll{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Asc{}), 102, extSqlAsc{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Desc{}), 103, extSqlDesc{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Null{}), 104, extSqlNull{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Void{}), 105, extSqlVoid{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Empty{}), 106, extSqlEmpty{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Ident{}), 107, extSqlIdent{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Table{}), 108, extSqlTable{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Thing{}), 109, extSqlThing{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Field{}), 110, extSqlField{})
-	opt.SetBytesExt(reflect.TypeOf(sql.Group{}), 111, extSqlGroup{})
-
-	codec.NewDecoderBytes(src, &opt).Decode(dst)
-
+	codec.NewDecoderBytes(src, &mh).Decode(dst)
 	return
-
 }